The rally on Ave. Balboa. The papal embassy is on the extreme left, dwarfed by the towers of the residential area of Punta Paitilla.American forces surrounded the embassy, but had to respect the immunity symbolised by the Papal standard flying inside the gate. The photo at bottom left shows General Mark Cisneros, commander of U.S. Army South, talking to the papal ambassador, Mons. Sebastian Laboa, some months before the invasion.

A prime objective of Operation Just Cause was the capture of General Noriega in order that he stand trial in the U.S. on drug-related charges. He was not found at any of the places where the Americans expected him to be in the small hours of December 20th and as the invasion drew into its fourth day, with his Panama Defense Forces routed, killed or captured, the general took refuge in the Vatican Embassy. The "Civilista" organization staged a mass rally on Avenida Balboa in the vicinity of the embassy demanding that he be handed over to the Americans.
The Enemy Within: Casting Out Panama’s Demon
Copyright © 1990 Focus Publications, (Int.), S.A.


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